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<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2017, Josef Kufner  <josef@kufner.cz>
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */
namespace Smalldb\Graph;
use Smalldb\StateMachine\InvalidArgumentException;
/**
 * Depth First Search & friends.
 */
class GraphSearch
{
    private NestedGraph $graph;
    /** @var callable(Node): bool */
    private $processNodeCb;
    /** @var callable(Node): bool */
    private $processNodeCbDefault;
    /** @var callable(Node, Edge, Node, bool): bool */
    private $checkEdgeCb;
    /** @var callable(Node, Edge, Node, bool): bool */
    private $checkArrowCbDefault;
    private int $strategy;
    private int $direction = self::DIR_FORWARD;
    const DFS_STRATEGY = 0x01;
    const BFS_STRATEGY = 0x02;
    const DIR_FORWARD = 0x10;
    const DIR_BACKWARD = 0x20;
    const DIR_BOTH = 0x30;
    /**
     * Constructor.
     */
    private function __construct(NestedGraph $g)
    {
        $this->graph = $g;
        $this->processNodeCb
            = $this->processNodeCbDefault
            = function(Node $current_node) { return true; };
        $this->checkEdgeCb
            = $this->checkArrowCbDefault
            = function(Node $current_node, Edge $edge, Node $next_node, bool $next_node_seen) { return true; };
    }
    public static function DFS(NestedGraph $g): self
    {
        $gs = new self($g);
        $gs->strategy = self::DFS_STRATEGY;
        return $gs;
    }
    public static function BFS(NestedGraph $g): self
    {
        $gs = new self($g);
        $gs->strategy = self::BFS_STRATEGY;
        return $gs;
    }
    public function runForward(): self
    {
        $this->direction = self::DIR_FORWARD;
        return $this;
    }
    public function runBackward(): self
    {
        $this->direction = self::DIR_BACKWARD;
        return $this;
    }
    public function runBothWays(): self
    {
        $this->direction = self::DIR_BOTH;
        return $this;
    }
    /**
     * Call $func when entering the node.
     *
     * @param callable $callback function(Node $current_node)
     */
    public function onNode(?callable $callback): self
    {
        $this->processNodeCb = $callback ? : $this->processNodeCbDefault;
        return $this;
    }
    /**
     * Call $func when inspecting next nodes, before enqueuing them.
     * Nodes are inspected always, even when they have been seen before,
     * but once seen nodes are not enqueued again.
     *
     * @param callable $callback function(Node $current_node, Edge $edge, Node $next_node, bool $next_node_seen)
     */
    public function onEdge(?callable $callback): self
    {
        $this->checkEdgeCb = $callback ? : $this->checkEdgeCb;
        return $this;
    }
    /**
     * Start DFS from $startNodes.
     *
     * @param Node[] $startNodes List of starting nodes or their IDs.
     */
    public function start(array $startNodes)
    {
        $queue = [];    // Sometimes, it is a stack ;)
        $seen = [];
        $processNodeCb = $this->processNodeCb;
        $checkEdgeCb = $this->checkEdgeCb;
        // Enqueue nodes as mark them seen
        foreach ($startNodes as $i => $node) {
            if ($node instanceof Node) {
                $id = $node->getId();
                $seen[$id] = true;
                $queue[] = $node;
            } else {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Start node ".var_export($i, true)." is not instance of Node.");
            }
        }
        // Process queue
        while (!empty($queue)) {
            /** @var Node $currentNode */
            // get next node
            switch ($this->strategy) {
                case self::DFS_STRATEGY:
                    $currentNode = array_pop($queue);
                    break;
                case self::BFS_STRATEGY:
                    $currentNode = array_shift($queue);
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid strategy.'); // @codeCoverageIgnore
            }
            $seen[$currentNode->getId()] = true;
            // Process node
            if (!$processNodeCb($currentNode)) {
                continue;
            }
            // add next nodes to queue
            $edges = $currentNode->getConnectedEdges();
            foreach ($edges as $edge) {
                if (($this->direction & self::DIR_FORWARD) && $edge->getStart() === $currentNode) {
                    // Forward edges
                    $nextNode = $edge->getEnd();
                } else if (($this->direction & self::DIR_BACKWARD) && $edge->getEnd() === $currentNode) {
                    // Backward edges
                    $nextNode = $edge->getStart();
                } else {
                    // Ignore edges of undesired direction.
                    continue;
                }
                $nextNodeId = $nextNode->getId();
                // Check next node whether it is worth processing
                $next_node_seen = !empty($seen[$nextNodeId]);
                if ($checkEdgeCb($currentNode, $edge, $nextNode, $next_node_seen) && !$next_node_seen) {
                    $queue[] = $nextNode;
                }
                $seen[$nextNodeId] = true;
            }
        }
    }
}